This 12-month randomized clinical trial investigated whether time-restricted eating (eating only between 8:00 a.m. and 4:00 p.m.) combined with calorie restriction provides additional benefits for weight loss compared to calorie restriction alone among 139 patients with obesity. Both groups followed a calorie-restricted diet (1500–1800 kcal/day for men and 1200–1500 kcal/day for women). The study found no significant difference in weight loss between the two groups at 12 months (-8.0 kg in the time-restricted group vs. -6.3 kg in the calorie-restriction group; P=0.11). Secondary outcomes, including changes in waist circumference, BMI, body fat, and metabolic risk factors, were also similar between groups, suggesting that the benefits of time-restricted eating are primarily driven by caloric restriction.